ST. PATRICK'S DAY AND IRISH TRANSFERWARE PATTERNS

I thought St. Patrick's Day would be the appropriate time to show you Irish patterns.   Some are places in Ireland,  some are symbolic of Ireland, and some are about Irish history.  All of the patterns and many more are in the Pattern And Source Print Database of the Transferware Collectors Club.

"Hibernia" by John Wedg Wood (1841-1860).   Hibernia is the classical Latin name for Ireland. This pattern is part of a series where each size and shape has a different center.  The pattern on the top left is Enniskerry in County Wicklow, Ireland; the pattern on the bottom left is Lighthouse at Howth; and the pattern on the right is named "Trafalger."  It is actually a view of the quay at Waterford in Ireland.

Charles Harvey & Sons (1805-1827) "Dublin" Cheese Stand/Dublin is the capital of the Republic of Ireland, situated on the east coast at the mouth of the River Liffey.

Thomas & John Carey (1828-1842) "Irish Views/The Upper Lake of Killarney" 10.4 inch soup plate.  The pattern is part of a series that depicts different views of Ireland on each size and shape.

Dudson (1800-1898) 5.5 inch saucer known as Celtic Greeting, ca. 1829.   According to J. McQueen, Professor of Celtic Studies, Edinburgh Univ., 'The lady is ...Catholic Ireland, as is shown by the cross and the harp...The hero is Daniel O'Connell (1776-1847), the Liberator...The building behind...is the Roman Catholic Church...The sun breaking through represents the dawning possibility of Catholic Emancipation, which became reality in 1829.' He dates the saucer to 1828 when O'Connell was elected MP for County Clare.

An 1820s jug showing (top) Catholic Ireland (the woman) leaning on the Irish or Celtic harp and pointing to a shield emblazoned with a shamrock. The bottom left shows Catholic Ireland again.  Here, she is holding a shamrock staff and crowning a man who may be Daniel O'Connell (see the caption above).  O'Connell leans on an Irish or Celtic harp.  The bottom right shows the Irish or Celtic harp.  The border is composed of acorns and shamrocks.

Maker Unknown 5.75 inch saucer "Repeal, D O Connell Esq"/Following the ratification of Catholic Emancipation in 1829 (giving Catholics in Ireland the right to vote) and the passage of the Great Reform Bill of 1832, O'Connell formed the Repeal Association in 1840. This political movement sought to repeal the Act of Union which formed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1800, and to regain political autonomy for the Irish.

Wallis Gimson & Co. (1884-1890) "Charles Stuart Parnell. M.P."  9.5 inch plate.  Parnell was a leader in the fight for Irish Home Rule.  Notice the harp and shamrock of Ireland with the words "Erin-Go-Bragh" above the portrait of Parnell.

Erin Go Bragh!*  I think I used more links in this post than in any other!

STILTON CHEESE STANDS

"Rural Village" (also known as Village Church) Stilton cheese stand/2.5 inches high by 11.5 inches in diameter. It is circa 1825.

I bought a cake stand that I soon learned was actually a Stilton cheese stand.  I found a reference to Stilton cheese stands in Robert Copeland's Ceramic Bygones;  "Cheese was important to complete a formal meal.  A Stilton cheese could be kept moist in a Stilton cheese pan with a pottery base and cover.  A more common way was to have a flat Stilton cheese stand with a low raised edge; the cheese was kept in good condition beneath a large glass cover.  Unfortunately,  few of these glass covers have survived with the bases."  Copeland goes on to relate how to keep the cheese moist by  cutting off the top and reusing it to cover the cheese.

Willow pattern cheese stand above and Romantic pattern stand below.  Notice how the shape of the Stilton cheese fits the stand.

Although I have never served a large Stilton cheese on my stands, I find them useful to serve cake, cookies, pies, quiche, and much more.  I have also used them (I own three) as cheese trays (assorted small cheeses).

Below are a few  more stands.  (Remember that they would have had glass or pottery domes).

Pountney & Allies (1816-1835) "St.Vincents (sic) Rocks" 2 inches high by 10 inches in diameter Stilton cheese stand in the Bristol Views series

Spode (1770-1833) Castle pattern 1.5 inches high by 10.5 inches in diameter Stilton Cheese stand

I have no glass domes to show you, but my friend, Dora, has supplied me with photos of two of her lovely earthenware cheese domes.

Two earthenware cheese domes/The dome on the left is printed with Davenport's The Villagers pattern, ca. 1825.  I don't know the name of the circa 1850s Romantic pattern on the right.

My own experience is that Stilton cheese stands are about the most useful pieces of old transferware. And, they are also easy to store. 

A Stack of Stilton Cheese Stands (3)

ENDANGERED ANIMALS AND TRANSFERWARE

I have already written about the threats to many of the animals on our planet.  It would appear that transferware has nothing to do with endangered animals, but there are connections.  Benjamin Franklin said "A Dead Bee Maketh No Honey."  You can read about this in my post Bees And Transferware.  In light of the present state of the honeybee, his words were prophetic (although I realize he was addressing negligence or lack of industriousness). 

J. & G. Meakin (1851-2004)  7.38 inch child's plate "A Dead Bee Maketh No Honey"

Did you know that the Eurasian beaver is making a comeback?  Did you even know that it was hunted to the brink of extinction? Read about it in my post Beavers On Transferware.

Enoch Wood & Sons (1818-1846) wash bowl with the Sporting Series Beaver pattern, ca. 1825

Another endangered animal is the pangolin; the world's only scaly mammal.  I learned about the pangolin and its plight when I was given a pattern to add to the Transferware Collectors Club Pattern And Source Print Database (I'm one of the editors).  The pangolin is a great delicacy with imagined magical powers, so it has been hunted to near extinction.  You can read about this in my post titled Pangolin.

Saucer, 4.25 inches, printed in black with a pangolin, ca. 1820

The native red squirrel is endangered in Britain by the American (aka Eastern) grey squirrel.  An unusual looking squirrel on a "Flora Pattern" plate alerted me to yet another threatened animal.  You can read the story in Flora Pattern And Squirrels.

"Flora Pattern" 10 inch plate with squirrel, ca. 1820

My last animal is a bit of a reach.  I have convinced myself that the animal in the "Visit to the Zebra" pattern seen below is really a quagga.  I mainly wanted to share with you the story of this extinct animal and its remarkable quasi comeback.  Read  Visit To The Quagga to learn more.

Child's plate, "Visit To The Zebra" ca. 1840

Photo of a quagga in the London Zoo, ca. 1870

 I realize this blog is merely a bagatelle.  Transferware and endangered animals?  Decide for yourself.

YEAR OF THE SHEEP/GOAT/RAM

Enoch Wood & Sons (1818-1846) 5.5 inch plate featuring a ram and sheep

Source print for the above pattern is from "The Cabinet of Quadrupeds" by John Church, 1805.  Notice that the plate has the ram standing behind the sheep.  The two sheep are to the left of the ram in the source print.  And, the female has horns!  Perhaps this animal is a goat? 

The celebration of the Chinese Lunar year is five thousand years old.  There are twelve animals in the Chinese calendar; a different one for each year of a twelve year cycle.  The beginning of the Chinese New Year always falls between January 21 and February 21.  This year it begins on February 19.  It is the Year Of The Sheep or Goat or Ram.  I was a bit confused but I read good explanations on Mystery Fanfare and CNN.  It turns out that the Chinese use one character for horned animals (you'll see there is way more to it than that).   Below is a child's sugar bowl with a sheep on one side and a goat on the other.

Sugar bowl from a child's tea service, ca, 1880

Here are two more of  my favorite sheep and goat  patterns.

"Sheep" 5.62 inch child's plate

"Goat" 4.75 inch child's plate

Gung Hay Fat Choy! 

恭賀發財 Gung Hay Fat Choy!

The celebration of the Chinese Lunar year is five thousand years old.  There are twelve animals in the Chinese calendar;  a different one for each year of a twelve year cycle.   The beginning of the Chinese New Year always falls between January 21 and February 21.  This year, it began on January 31.  It is  the Year Of The Horse. - See more at: http://dishynews.blogspot.com/2014/02/year-of-horse.html#sthash.F2GBnjCH.dpuf

The celebration of the Chinese Lunar year is five thousand years old.  There are twelve animals in the Chinese calendar;  a different one for each year of a twelve year cycle.   The beginning of the Chinese New Year always falls between January 21 and February 21.  This year, it began on January 31.  It is  the Year Of The Horse. - See more at: http://dishynews.blogspot.com/2014/02/year-of-horse.html#sthash.F2GBnjCH.dpuf

The celebration of the Chinese Lunar year is five thousand years old.  There are twelve animals in the Chinese calendar;  a different one for each year of a twelve year cycle.   The beginning of the Chinese New Year always falls between January 21 and February 21.  This year, it began on January 31.  It is  the Year Of The Horse. - See more at: http://dishynews.blogspot.com/2014/02/year-of-horse.html#sthash.F2GBnjCH.dpuf

The celebration of the Chinese Lunar year is five thousand years old.  There are twelve animals in the Chinese calendar;  a different one for each year of a twelve year cycle.   The beginning of the Chinese New Year always falls between January 21 and February 21.  This year, it began on January 31.  It is  the Year Of The Horse. - See more at: http://dishynews.blogspot.com/2014/02/year-of-horse.html#sthash.F2GBnjCH.dpuf

FOR MY DEAR GIRL

"For My Dear Girl" child's plate, ca. 1830

Children's china was often intended as a reward for good behavior, doing well in school or behaving in church.  It was also a gift of love.  My granddaughter is five today.  She has been a gift from the moment she was born. 

Here are some transferware patterns intended for dear (or good) girls.

"For A Good Girl" child's 2.5 inch mug, ca. 1820

"For a good Girl" child's 7 inch plate, ca. 1830

"A Present for a Good Girl" child's 3 inch mug, ca. 1840

"For a good Girl" child's 7 inch plate, ca. 1830

"For A Good Girl" child's alphabet mug, ca. 1820

Libby (Maya's great grandmother) at five and Maya at almost five/Libby is wearing bloomers, Maya is wearing leggings

MOTHERS AND DAUGHTERS AND TRANSFERWARE

Child's plate, ca. 1840 "Mother And Daughter Dear To Each/With A Love Surpassing Speech"  Actually, my mother and I always had a lot to say to each other!

LILLIAN (LIBBY) B. RUDOLPH (OCTOBER 15, 1920 - FEBRUARY 3, 2015)
Libby in 1943 (this is the photo my father had with him during World War II) and Libby at our Seder in 2014

My mother died last week.  As a friend said in an email the night my mother died, "losing a parent, even one who has lived such a long life, is strangely unmooring."  My friend wasn't sure "unmooring" was even a word.   The word, however, exactly described what I was feeling.  I was anchored to my mother for seventy years, and now I felt unmoored.  We were very close.  Although I always thought that I was no longer her little girl, she would remind me, even recently, that she was my mother!

Who else would care about my hair or clothes?  Who would worry that I worked too hard or had too much coffee.  Only my mother.  I was her child.

I learned everything from her.  She taught me to love books, art, music and blue pottery.  She modeled how to be a student, a wife, and a mother.  She also taught me how to live, and in the last week of her life she showed me how to die.  She was truly my role model.

Most of the transferware patterns that have to do with mothers and children or specifically mothers and daughters are sweetly saccharine.  However, they do impart the message of the importance of the mother/child bond.  The poems, written for 19th century children, are either by Mary Belson Elliot (1794?-1870) or Ann Taylor (1782-1866).

Child's 7.44 inch plate, ca. 1830 "Who sat & watch'd my infant head/When sleeping on my little bed/And tears of sweet affection shed?/My Mother"

Child's 6.7 inch plate, ca. 1830 "Who ran to help me when I fell/And would some pretty story tell/Or kiss the place to make it well/My Mother" and "Ah no the thought I cannot bear/And if God please my life to spare/I hope I shall reward my care/My Mother"

Child's plate, ca. 1820 "Who dressed my doll in clothes so gay/And taught me pretty how to play/And minded all I had to say/My Mother" and "When thou art feeble old and grey/My healthy arm shall be thy stay/And I will sooth thy pain away/My Mother"

Notice that the text on the above plates shifts from what the mother does for the child to what the child can do for the mother.

Child's 5.5 inch plate, ca. 1830 "When Age thy Faculties suspend/Who will her kind Assistance lend/And prove a never failing Friend/My Daughter"

I am so lucky to have had such a long relationship with a loving mother.  She was lucky that she never lost her faculties or became too frail.  However, she did love to take my arm.

Libby holding her child (me) in 1944 and her great grandson (Joey) in 2014

IN THE WOOD OR LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD AGAIN

T.G. Green & Co. (1864-1987) "In The Wood" 4.12 inch saucer, ca. 1889/Notice the wolf running off to granny's house while Little Red picks flowers for her.

"Little Red Riding Hood" is one of my favorite fairy tales.  (I have written about it before in my post Little Red Riding Hood In French).  When I was a little girl, I learned so much from the story.  Listen to my mother!  Be careful in the woods because I might meet a wolf.  Wolves with good manners can be dangerous because manners can mask bad intentions.  Trust your first impressions because wolves can disguise themselves as grannies!

T. G. Green & Co. "The Wolf In Bed" plate.  This is not granny!

There are so many Red Riding Hood transferware patterns that I can only assume the story was powerful for others. Many appear on items intended for children like the saucer and small plate above, which are from a child's tea service by T.G. Green & Co.  Or, the plates below by Brownhills Pottery that depict four scenes from the story; Red Riding Hood Starting, Red Riding Hood Meets the Wolf, Red Riding Hood At Her Grandmothers (sic) Cottage, and Red Riding Hood And Her Supposed Grandmother.  I like the use of the word "supposed."

Brownhills Pottery (1872-1896)  Red Riding Hood plates

There is even the occasional pattern on a plate on mug.

"Red Riding Hood Meets The Wolf" 7.12 inch plate.  Red Riding Hood illustrates the letter "R."  Quite an unusual choice.  The letter "R" is usually represented by a rabbit or a rose.

Brownhills Pottery (1872-1896) "Little Red Riding Hood" 2.75 inch child's mug

Tiles and plates with scenes from the story were made by Wedgwood at the end of the 19th century.  Below are tiles from the series of six; Red Riding Hood waves to her mother, she meets the wolf, picks flowers for granny, the wolf meets granny, the wolf is in granny's bed, the wolf is dead (I don't remember the woodcutter killing the wolf in granny's bed, but the telling of a fairy tale is as varied as the teller).

Wedgwood Red Riding Hood tiles/There is no text but the story is easy to follow. 

Perhaps the tiles were intended to be used around the fireplace in the nursery. What fun it would be to have children tell the story while looking at the tiles.  The patterns proved popular, so the tiles were adapted to plates with the addition of borders.  Many different borders were used.  Notice that both plates are the same scene as the tile in the top middle. 

Josiah Wedgwood (1759-2005) 10 inch plate, ca. 1885/There would have been a set of six.

Josiah Wedgwood (1759-2005) 10 inch plate, ca, 1885/There would have been a set of six.

I have only shown you transferware, but there are other Red Riding Hood items like the Staffordshire figure below.

Staffordshire figure of Red Riding Hood, ca. 1860.  Notice that her cape is orange!

And a  picture from a circa 1930s book of fairy tales.

A 1930s picture of Little Red Riding Hood puzzling over her changed granny!

My favorite is a Red Riding Hood doll who changes into the granny by pulling the skirt over her head to expose granny's face and cap.  When you turn granny's cap around, you see the face of the wolf wearing granny's cap!  My theory is that we have all three beings in us; the innocent child, the dear old granny and the wicked wolf!

A topsy turvy "Little Red Riding Hood" doll, ca. 1950

The fairy tale is alive and well in the 21st century.  My granddaughter loves Nosy Crow's "Little Red Riding Hood" app.   So do I.   It is a great interactive way to teach lots of lessons and enjoy the story.

"Little Red Riding Hood" has been told in many ways for hundreds of years.  We have so many Red Riding Hood artifacts, including transferware, because the story is so loved.