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Thursday, January 22, 2015

TRANSFERWARE SHEET OR ALL OVER OR CHINTZ PATTERNS

Purple printed sheet pattern jug with added color, ca. 1845/Notice the molded face on the spout


According to The Dictionary of Blue and White Printed Pottery 1780-1880, a sheet pattern is "A pattern which repeats the same motifs all over so that it can be used on any shape without engraving several different copper plates.  These designs are sometimes referred to as all-over patterns.  For reasons of simplicity and economy the technique was very commonly used for toy dinner services."  I am going to add jugs and other items intended for adults.   What you see above are three sides of a purple printed jug that illustrate how a sheet pattern can accommodate hollow items.  There is no need for any careful placement of the pattern.  The photo below shows how a sheet pattern, "Dragon," can accommodate items of different shapes and sizes.

See how the same "Dragon" pattern was used on different sizes and shapes.  The bowl is 10 inches in diameter, the tray is 11 inches wide and the cup plate is 3.5 inches (only room for one dragon).

Because many of the patterns are floral, they are also referred to as chintz patterns.  Some of the pattern names actually use the word "chintz."

"Royal Chintz" by Zachariah Boyle & Son (1823-1850) and "Victoria Chintz" maker unknown
 Here are a few more lovely sheet patterns on jugs.

Sheet, all over or chintz pattern jugs


There is an excellent post about sheet patterns in Pam Woolliscroft's  Spode History blog.  Pam illustrates and lists many Spode sheet patterns, including Sunflower (also known as Convolvulus).  She says:  "Some of the designs from Spode were known as sheet patterns. A sheet pattern is a design which is not engraved to specifically ‘fit’ different objects. Perhaps only three or four engravings are needed for a whole range of tableware and toilet ware." 


Spode "Sunflower" pattern (also known as Convolvulus) 18.75 inch platter/Notice that there is no need for an extra transfer for the border as the pattern covers the whole platter.

Another sheet pattern is Grape.   Spode made this pattern, but the one below is from an unknown  factory.

"Grape" pattern platter by an unknown maker

Or this stunning early Minton sheet pattern platter.

 Minton sheet pattern 20.5 inches by 16 inches platter.  The pattern is known as Star.
Since sheet patterns were less expensive to make, they were often used on children's items.

Doll plates, 3.25 inches.  Notice how the pattern has the same elements, but placement is different on each plate.


And for very large utilitarian items.


The bath jug is 18 inches to the top of the handle and 33 inches in diameter at its largest point.  The small jug is 8.25 inches to the top of the handle.  The bath jug has an extra handle (known as a lug handle) because of its weight when filled with water.

Items with sheet patterns may have been less expensive to make, but they lost nothing in beauty.


A bouquet of sheet pattern jugs







Saturday, January 17, 2015

DISHY NEWS SECOND ANNIVERSARY!




Transferware Patterns number in the many thousands.  Here are a few of my favorites.

I started my Dishy News blog on January 17, 2013.  During the past two years, I have published 173 blog posts.  As I said last year, this is a personal blog about transferware patterns and shapes as well as my life.  I was introduced to transferware by my mother and grandmother, so this is a lifelong love and learning experience.
 
As my readership has grown, it has been interesting to see which posts are popular.   Here are  links to my readers' favorite posts.

Patterns from my favorite blog posts

What is a Bourdaloue?
Yellow Transferware
Spode's Convolvulus Patter #2
Shells
Transferware Spitting Cups
Quadrupeds and Aesop's Fables
The Dog in the Manger and Aesop's Fables
Boston Meeting
Yellow Printed Brownware
Dishy News First Anniversary!
Cumulative Rhymes On Children's Pottery
Crimean War Again
Mozart, The Magic Flute, The Masons And America
The Temperance Movement On Transferware
Inappropriate Or Frightening Patterns For Children

Some of the above posts are my favorites too, but here are some other personal favorites.

Some more of my favorite patterns

Little Red Riding Hood In French
Pattern Envy
"Flora Pattern" And Squirrels
Caricature And Humor On Transferware Or Prejudice?
Robin Redbreast
The Rabbit On The Wall
Bees And Transferware
Of Mice And Men And Transferware

I hope you continue to read and enjoy my blog!  Thank you!

Transferware!






CRIMEAN WAR AGAIN (Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose) - See more at: http://dishynews.blogspot.com/2014/03/crimean-war-again-plus-ca-change-plus.html#sthash.tnnNZsl0.dpuf
CRIMEAN WAR AGAIN (Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose) - See more at: http://dishynews.blogspot.com/2014/03/crimean-war-again-plus-ca-change-plus.html#sthash.tnnNZsl0.dpuf

Thursday, January 8, 2015

STRANGE TRANSFERWARE ANIMAL PATTERNS



"Wolverene" 2.25 inch child's mug. 

Many popular 19th century mugs and plates made for children are patterned with animals.  Cats, dogs, cows, lions, etc. form the bulk of the patterns.  However,  some odd animals were chosen.  It is hard to believe that 19th century English children were familiar with wolverines.  (The wolverene, today spelled wolverine, is an animal related to the weasel. It is known for its voracious appetite). The children probably wouldn't know a pintado either.

"Pintado" 5.5 inch plate.  A pintado is also known as a guinea fowl. 

Children's china was intended as a gift as well as a teaching tool.  Perhaps these unusual animals were a jumping off point to engage a child in a discussion about natural history.

"Kinkajou" child's 1.94 inch mug. 

Kinkajous, also known as honey bears, are rainforest mammals related to raccoons. They resemble ferrets or monkeys, but are not related to them.  I have known about kinkajous for about twenty-five years because my vet rescued two of them from an animal shelter.  But, I never heard of them when I was a child.  I guess the potter was desperate to have an unusual animal decorate his pottery. 


Child's 4.6 inch child's plate decorated with a fish
A fish is not an unusual animal, but the above child's plate decorated with a fish is the only fish pattern (on a child's plate) I have seen.  I wonder what kind of fish it is.  If you look closely at the molded border, it appears that a fish shape is among the flowers!

"Short-Tailed Indris" child's 2.06 inch mug
An indris is a large short-tailed lemur of Madagascar. The pattern doesn't particularly look like a lemur. It looks more like a cartoon rat! Or the salivating wolf from a Disney-like cartoon.

"Tatouay" 1.94 inch child's mug
The greater naked-tailed armadillo, cabassous tatouay, is an armadillo species from South America.  It is wondering what it is doing on an early 19th century English child's mug.

"Dusky Wolf" 2 inch child's mug
The dusky wolf or black wolf is not unusual, but I want to show it to you anyway.  This pattern really belongs in my post Inappropriate or Frightening Patterns For Children.  If you look carefully, you'll see that the wolf has its paw on a dead goat! 


"Indian Scenery" 7.5 inch plate showing an anteater surrounded by an vaguely Indian scene.  This pattern is from a dinner service that features different animals on nearly each size and shape.
There are lots of patterns intended for adults that feature unusual animals like the anteater on the plate above, but that is a post for another day. 



Tuesday, December 30, 2014

NEW YEAR RESOLUTIONS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AND TRANSFERWARE




Child's 7 inch plate "Experience keeps a dear school/But fools will learn in no other."

Benjamin Franklin is famous for lots of maxims (proverbs or sayings) that encourage good behavior and offer good advice, and many are found on plates and mugs made for children.  I thought I'd show some that have morphed into my New Year's resolutions.  "Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no other," is one of my favorite maxims.  I have often wanted to say it to friends and family, but knew it would offend.  So, I use it to remind myself that I am never too old to be foolish.   Or, "Dost Thou Love Life Then Do Not Squander Time.  There Will Be Sleeping Enough In The Grave."  I shall remember not to waste the time I have left. 

Child's Plate, "Dost Thou Love Life Then Do Not Squander Time/There Will Be Sleeping Enough In The Grave"

Franklin's maxims about work are priceless (I have used this word on purpose): "Keep thy shop and thy shop will keep thee" is something I remind myself often.   This maxim is supported by another: "If you would have your business done go if not send."

"Dr. Franklin's Maxims" child's plate "Keep thy shop and thy
Three views of a child's "Franklin's Maxims" mug "Not to oversee workmen is to leave them your purse open./The eye of the master is worth both his hands."

The tiny plates below offer big advice!


Child's 3 inch plate "If you would have a faithful Servant & one that you like serve yourself"
Child's small plate "If you would know the value of money try to borrow some"
The maxims are from Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanack, which he first published under the name Richard Saunders in 1732,  and continued to publish for about 25 years.  The sayings were and remain immensely popular.  Some of the sayings were illustrated as early as 1795 by Bowles and Carver with the title Bowles's Moral Pictures, or Poor Richard Illustrated.  Another version was made soon after by the artist Robert Dighton and engraved by Oliver Pelton.  These illustrations were called Poor Richard Illustrated. Lessons for the Young and Old on Industry, Temperance, Frugality &c. by Benjamin Franklin.  (I love the over-long title).

I am showing the poster or broadsheet below so that I can underscore the fact that Franklin intended his maxims for the old as well as the young.  They have guided me all of my life, although I haven't always heeded the advice!


Poor Richard Illustrated

Although not all of the illustrations for the maxims on the plates and mugs are copied from the poster above, many are.  The pattern on the plate below is the second from the left on the third row down.  The illustration for the maxim on the first plate shown above, "Experience keeps a dear school/But fools will learn in no other," is on the bottom right.

Child's five inch plate "Poor Richard's Maxim's (sic) I never saw an oft remove tree nor yet an oft removed family that did so well as those that settled be.  Three removes are as bad as a fire & a rolling stone gathers no moss."
"A rolling stone gathers no moss," found on the plate above, is one of my favorite sayings.  I'll end with two more of my favorites.  What I think of as "words to live by."  They are: "Make Hay While The Sun Shines" and "For Want Of A Nail The Shoe Was Lost."

Child's 2.5 inch yellow glazed mug "Make Hay While The Sun Shines"
Child's plate "Franklin's Maxims/Want of care does more damage than want of knowledge. For want of a nail the shoe was lost & for want of a shoe the Horse was lost."
My New Year's resolutions are connected to the maxims above.  I tend to forget my New Year's resolutions, so hopefully the maxims and the transferware will remind me.   HAPPY NEW YEAR TO YOU ALL!

Tuesday, December 23, 2014

ISAIAH 11:6 ILLUSTRATED ON TRANSFERWARE

The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them.  These Bibical words inspired a few transferware patterns.  The most famous is Millenium, which I wrote about in June 2013.  If you are interested in the symbolism on this plate, click on the link above.

Ralph Stevenson Millenium 6.25 inch plate

Millenium mark/Notice that Millennium is misspelled

The small plate only shows the word Peace as well as the lion, the fatling (yearling), and the child.  The 10 inch plate below shows the whole pattern.  Now the plate is large enough to show the words Peace On Earth.  The wolf, the lamb, the leopard and the kid join the lion, the fatling and the child.  The calf appears to be missing.

Millenium 10 inch plate. The pattern was made in every color except yellow, green is fairly rare.

Titled The Peaceable Kingdom Isaiah XL.6,  this 2.5 inch child's mug illustrates the same passage from the Bible as the Millenium pattern.  Here, the child holds the lion's mane in his hands.  The wolf and the lamb are to his left and the leopard and the goat are to the right of the lion.  The fatling stands behind the lion.  Although difficult to see, the border is a molded alphabet.

The Peaceable Kingdom Isaiah XL.6 2.5 inch high by 2 inch diameter child's mug

Peace is the title of the pattern on the saucer below.  It also illustrates Isaiah 11:6.  Only the child, the lion and the lamb are shown. The child appears to be sitting astride the lion.  The mark features a dove with an olive branch in its mouth. 

Robinson, Wood & Brownfield Peace saucer

Robinson Wood & Brownfield Peace mark

One of my favorite paintings is William Hick's Peaceable Kingdom.  It also illustrates Isaiah 11:6.  


Peaceable Kingdom by Edward Hicks (1780-1849) courtesy of the Brooklyn Museum
I wish you all Peace and Joy!  Happy Holidays!






Thursday, December 18, 2014

INAPPROPRIATE OR FRIGHTENING PATTERNS FOR CHILDREN

Inappropriate Patterns for Children

I wrote an article for the Transferware Collectors Club Bulletin in 2012 titled Inappropriate Patterns For Children.  I decided to redo the article for my blog as the topic is such a favorite of mine.  I am the editor of Children's Subjects for the TCC Pattern and Source Print Database, so I see a lot of 19th century children's patterns.  Many are sweet and instructive, but some are horrific!


Children haven’t changed in the past two hundred years, but the concept of childhood and what is appropriate for children has changed.  Nineteenth century British children’s mugs and plates were created as inexpensive gifts or rewards to teach religion and the alphabet as well as to delight with pictures of animals and children’s activities.  However, some of the patterns found on this pottery are frightening!

Seal Hunt, which was made by Thomas Elsmore & Son (1872-1887), illustrates a method of seal hunting.  The molded alphabet border does aid in learning the alphabet, but the clubbing of seals would be deemed an inappropriate gift for today's child.

Thomas Elsmore & Son (1872-1887) Seal Hunting 7 inch child's Plate

The next pattern, The Romish Bishop Bonner, which was made by Powell & Bishop (1876-1878), is an odd choice for a child even though it was intended to teach a religious history lesson.   Perhaps this pattern was a reward for doing well in Sunday School.  Substitute the word Catholic for Romish, as the history lesson is about Bishop Edmund Bonner (c.1500 to 1569) who served during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I (aka Bloody Mary).  Actually, Bonner was known as Bloody Bonner. He was able to survive quite awhile during the enormous upheaval of the English Reformation, as he changed his ideas about religion (Catholic, Protestant, Catholic) to that of the reigning monarch. During the time of Queen Mary, who reinstated Roman Catholicism, he burned many Protestants, including Thomas Tomkins. The description of Tomkins martyrdom is quite gruesome, but, as stated on the plate, he withstood it well. The entire text reads: "The Romish Bishop Bonner Burning Tomkins hands before his Martyrdom. He was burned in Smithfield Market March 16th 1555. He suffered with admirable patience and constancy." Bonner was imprisoned for refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy at the beginning of the reign of Elizabeth I (another Protestant). He died in prison in 1569.  This is an excellent history lesson but a rather morbid topic for children. Note the source print for the pattern, which is a woodcut from John Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, ca. 1570.

Powell & Bishop (1876-1878) The Romish Bishop Bonner 6.25 inch child's Plate


Source print for The Romish Bishop Bonner Child's Plate, ca. 1570

Although not frightening, the pattern is inappropriate humor (not even vaguely humorous today).  The title, Flow Thou Regal Purple Stream, refers to the bloody nose of the boy who is second on the left.  One wonders why this particular scene was considered an interesting pattern for a child’s plate.  Were the boys heroes for fighting?  Was a bloody nose a badge of honor?  Fighting and bloody noses (from fighting) are certainly frowned upon in the 21st century!


Flow thou regal purple stream child's 8 inch plate, ca. 1830

Early Sorrow is a sad reminder of the familiarity that the 19th century child had with death.  When mothers died regularly in childbirth and siblings succumbed often to disease, one does wonder why a child needed to be reminded of the prevalence of death.  However, the death of a pet, in this case a pet bird, is the same today as it was in the 19th century;  an inoculation against a greater loss.   Still, this pattern would not be eagerly sought as a gift for today's child.


Early Sorrow child's plate/Notice the dead bird near the cage

This gift for a good and well-loved child is a mug with the inscription,  Present For My Dear Boy.   I doubt, however, the choice of a fox running off with a goose clamped in its mouth is something conducive to milk drinking.

Present For My Dear Boy child's  2 inch by 2 inch mug, ca, 1830

Although the poem titled My Grandmother has good intentions, it has the unfortunate mention and illustration of a dead dog! The poem, which was written by William Upton,  was copied from a picture sheet for children published by William Darton, Jr. in London in 1813.  The poem reads: “Who took me in a coach to ride/Because I griev’d when Puggy died/And bought me Sugarplums beside/My Grandmother.”  The grandmother is doing her best to cheer up her granddaughter, but I doubt the pattern would be given to a granddaughter today.

John Rogers & Son My Grandmother plate, ca. 1830

As mentioned, children’s patterns were often meant to teach the alphabet.  This plate shows a large and attractive letter “D”.  However, instead of illustrating the letter with a cute dog or dear dolly, it is matched with a drunkard and the rhyme “D  Was a Drunk-ard (notice how even the word is falling down)/And had a red face."

  D Was A Drunk-Ard And had a red face 6.62 inch child's alphabet plate
 
The plate below illustrates a scene from the very popular anti-slavery book Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe, which was published in 1852.  Many scenes from the book were used on children’s plates, but none are as violent as the pattern seen here:  “Pay Away Till He Gives Up: Give It Him: Give it Him!  Uncle Tom Whipped To Death.”  The pattern is frightening and a bit sordid.  

Child's  8.5 inch plate Uncle Tom Whipped To Death

I never thought of the violence inherent in the nursery rhyme Three Blind Mice.  I sing it to my grandchildren.  Visually, the plate below reminds me of the shower scene from Hitchcock's  Psycho.  I would never give it to them as a gift.  Now I'll think about the words too!


Three Blind Mice 7.5 inch child's plate

As a cat lover, perhaps I am being too sensitive to the use of the words wicked and kill in the plate below.  My granddaughter didn't like these words either.

Oh! beat her, kill her, wicked Puss  7.25 inch child's plate, ca. 1820

I hope you will send along a few of your inappropriate patterns for children.  My blog is a fine repository for these patterns, but perhaps not the hands of our little ones.